cell cycle: g2/m checkpoint
| PAG Title | cell cycle: g2/m checkpoint |
| PAG ID | WAG000012 |
| Type | P |
| Source Link |  BioCarta |
| Publication Reference | NA |
| PAG Description | The G2/M D damage checkpoint prevents the cell from entering mitosis (M phase) if the genome is damaged. The Cdc2-cyclin B kise is pivotal in regulating this transition. During G2 phase, Cdc2 is maintained in an ictive state by the kises Wee1 and Mt1. As cells approach M phase, the phosphatase Cdc25 is activated, perhaps by the polo-kise Pik1. Cdc25 then activates Cdc2, establishing a feedback amplification loop that efficiently drives the cell into mitosis. D damage activates the D-PK/ATM/ATR kises, initiating two parallel cascades that ictivate Cdc2-cyclin B. The first cascade rapidly inhibits progression into mitosis: the CHK kises phosphorylate and ictivate Cdc25, which can no longer activate Cdc2. The second cascade is slower. Phosphorylation of p53 dissociates it from MDM2, activating its D binding activity. Acetylation by p300/PCAF further activates its transcriptiol activity. The genes that are turned on by p53 constitute effectors of this second cascade. They include 14-3-3s, which binds to the phosphorylated Cdc2-cyclin B kise and exports it from the nucleus; GADD45, which apparently binds to and dissociates the Cdc2-cyclin B kise; and p21Cip1, an inhibitor of a subset of the cyclin-dependent kises including Cdc2 (CDK1). |
| Species | Homo sapiens |
| nCoCo Score | 2,019 |
| Base PAG ID | WAG000012 |
| Human Phenotyte Annotation | |
| Curator | PAGER curation team |
| Curator Contact | PAGER-contact@googlegroups.com |
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